Harm and Discrimination

Conceiving harm: disability discrimination in assisted reproductive technologies.

Applying the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) to denials of treatment by assisted reproductive technology (ART) practitioners raises particularly challenging legal and ethical issues. On the one hand, the danger that physicians will inappropriately deny treatment to patients with disabilities is especially worrisome in the context of ARTs, given the widespread stigma associated with reprod...

Concept and impact of stigma on discrimination against leprosy sufferers--minimizing the harm.

One of the resolutions adopted by the July-August 2004 56th session of the United Nations Subcommission on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights (www.un.org/news/press/docs/2004/ hcrn110/doc.htm) was the call for a working paper on ‘Discrimination against leprosy victims and their families’. The term ‘discrimination’ embraces most, but not all, facets of the concept and impact of leprosy...

Utilitarian Harm 1 Running Head: UTILITARIAN HARM Authority Dependence and Judgments of Utilitarian Harm

Three studies tested the conditions under which people judge utilitarian harm to be authority dependent (i.e., whether its right or wrongness depends on the ruling of an authority). In Study 1, participants judged the right or wrongness of physical abuse when used as an interrogation method anticipated to yield useful information for preventing future terrorist attacks. The ruling of the milita...

Societal Discrimination against Muslims in Europe: Racism and Political Opportunism

Harm and harm reduction in smokeless tobacco users

Background: This thesis describes the effects of smokeless tobacco (ST) and its derivatives on the oral mucosa; the development of, and results of applying, a cessation program for snuff users with long and extensive exposure; and, the persistent clinical and histomorphological changes after cessation. Methods: Three of the studies were open prospective non-randomized clinical intervention tria...